Melodrama and film noir on today's big screen: How modern audiences experience yesterday's classics.

In the 1940s and 50s, melodrama was described as "the lady's film," whereas men were the supposed fans of film noir. No empirical studies were conducted with filmgoers of that era to validate such claims. This study examined responses of modern-day audiences comprising 16 females and 16 males to these classic genres. An experimental montage technique was developed to compare problem and solution scenes excerpted from 4 melodrama and 4 film noir movies. Participants rated each scene on fifteen 5-point scales related to cognitive and emotional responses and interpreted the meaning of each scene open-endedly. Quantitative analyses indicated that subjects were more sensitive to the character's emotions in melodrama, found this genre to be more complex, and were more apt to experience personal memories. Qualitative analyses revealed that subjects were more aware of the character's emotions and were more likely to identify with the character in melodramas. Interactions showed that participants judged the solution scenes in film noirs to be unrealistic and criticized the main character's actions. Male and female participants did not differentially respond to the two genres. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

预应力锚索桩板墙的地震响应及影响参数研究

汶川地震震害调查表明,使用预应力锚索的桩板墙变形协调性更好,抗震性能提高,但目前在预应力锚索桩板墙的抗震设计理论研究方面仍比较落后。本文利用FLAC^3D对预应力锚索桩板墙的地震响应特征进行了研究,包括桩身土压力分布、桩身变位及锚索内锚段应力的动力响应特性等,并通过改变地震动参数、材料参数和结构设计参数,进行了多种工况的分析,系统研究了影响参数对桩-土-锚动力耦合相互作用规律的影响。通过对FLAC^3D的数据分析,其研究结果表明:锚索限制了桩板墙结构的运动,墙后土压力在锚索附近显著增大;桩前基础表面的土体易损坏,因此,应高度重视桩前位置,这对抗震设计有积极影响;随着内聚力和内摩擦角的增大,桩的位移、应力和锚固轴力等减小;锚索存在临界有效锚固长度,在临界范围内,通过减小桩间距来提高加固效果并不明显。研究成果加强了对预应力锚索桩板墙抗震表现的认识,也为深化抗震机理研究提供了可靠的依据。     

大跨度空间结构地震响应组成分量研究

应用振型叠加法进行大跨度空间结构地震响应分析时,常存在计算效率低、难以考虑地震作用随机特性等问题。为此,对大跨度空间结构的地震响应组成分量,包括准静力响应和共振响应进行研究和定义;根据响应分量的组成研究,提出适用于大跨度空间结构地震响应振型叠加分析法的修正策略;以两类典型的大跨度结构形式为算例,对各响应分量的特性及分量间相关性的影响进行研究,总结大跨度空间结构地震各响应分量的分布特征。     

Wind field simulation and wind‐induced responses of large wind turbine tower‐blade coupled structure

Herein, by a case study on a 5‐MW wind turbine system developed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the wind field simulation and wind‐induced vibration characteristics of wind turbine tower‐blade coupled systems is analyzed. First, the blade‐nacelle‐tower‐basis integrated finite element model with centrifugal forces induced by rotational blades is established. Then, based on a harmony superposition method and the modified blade element‐momentum theory, the fluctuating wind field of tower‐blade coupled systems is simulated, which considers wind shear effect, tower shadow effect, rotational effect, blade‐tower dynamic and model interaction effects. Finally, the wind‐induced dynamic responses and wind vibration coefficients of the wind turbine tower‐blade coupled structure are discussed through the ‘consistent coupled method’ previously proposed by us. The results indicate that the wind‐induced responses of a large wind turbine tower‐blade coupled structure present complicated modal responses and multimode coupling effect. Additionally, the rotational effect would amplify aerodynamic loads on blades with high frequency, wind‐induced dynamic responses and wind vibration coefficients of wind turbine tower. The centrifugal force effect could also amplify natural vibration frequency of the tower‐blade coupled system and reduce the wind‐induced dynamic responses and wind vibration coefficients of wind turbine tower. The research could contribute to wind‐resistant design of structure for a large‐scale wind turbine tower‐blade system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

矿井瞬变电磁矩形回线源瞬变电磁响应研究

为研究均匀全空间介质中任意点（除发射框边）处矩形回线源瞬变电磁响应,从全空间磁偶极子的切向电场和水平圆形回线发射框中心磁场出发,采用互易原理和积分法推导了全空间任意点处的瞬变响应。通过对全空间瞬变场磁场Bz及其时间导数?Bz/?t的核函数Y(ω)和Y’(ω)特征的研究,将全程瞬变响应分为早期、中期和晚期。Y(ω)的早期和晚期阶段,其内层误差函数采用渐近展开式,外层积分采用直接多项式积分;中期阶段,内层误差函数采用有理契比雪夫展开式,外层积分采用龙贝格积分。Y’(ω)的晚期和非对角区域的早期采用误差函数渐近展开式;Y’(ω)的中期和对角区域的早期采用龙贝格积分。采用理论模型计算验证了公式的精度。结果表明,该算法求取的数值解,其Bz核函数Y(ω)的相对误差可以控制在1×10-6%以内;而?Bz/?t的核函数Y’(ω)的相对误差可以控制在1×10-4%以内。早期阶段,Bz和?Bz/?t在发射框内部的极值中心沿着与短边呈45°夹角方向向发射框内部移动,并且短边处的两个极值中心先行合并,然后再沿长边方向合并;?Bz/?t极值向发射框内部和发射框外部移动的速度大于Bz相应的移动速度。     

高层建筑等效风荷载风洞试验研究

分析了某高层建筑的多通道同步测压风洞试验。利用随机振动理论计算了结构等效静力风荷载,分析了风荷载随风向的变化关系,计算了结构顶部峰值加速度响应,对居住者舒适度进行了评价。     

斜坡加速度动力响应特性的大型振动台试验研究

以"5·12"汶川地震灾区典型斜坡为原型,采用水平层状上硬下软和上软下硬2种岩性组合概念模型,设计并完成比例1:100的大型振动台试验。在满足相似律的条件下,通过输入不同地震波类型、频率、激振方向和振幅,系统地研究模型斜坡的地震动力响应特性。以输入加速度峰值0.3g为例,分析不同岩性组合模型斜坡在单向天然地震波作用下的同向加速度动力响应规律,研究结果表明,加速度沿竖直和水平方向的响应都呈现明显的非线性特征;总体上,高程对地震波具有明显的放大效应。在水平向地震波作用下,斜坡的动力响应主要出现在斜坡的中上段,而在同等强度的激振力作用下,竖直向加速度最大放大倍数仅相当于水平向加速度最大放大倍数的1/2左右,且动力响应较强部位主要出现在斜坡的中下段。不同岩性组合结构对加速度响应规律的影响也因激振方向不同而异,在水平向地震波作用下,上硬下软组合斜坡总体上要比上软下硬组合斜坡对加速度的放大程度大,在竖直向地震波作用下则相反。通过对比坡面不同高程处的加速度傅里叶谱表明,在地震波从下往上传播过程中,上硬下软斜坡对起放大作用的频段具有明显的选择性,竖直向激振条件下对2种岩性组合斜坡加速度起放大作用的卓越频率比水平向激振条件下的卓越频率大得多。     

地基砂石垫层隔震的研究现状和几个有关问题

阐述了砂石垫层隔震的应用和目前的一些研究成果;对一些学者的砂垫层隔震计算模型提出了异议;并依据已有对滑移位移谱的研究数据和地震实例,提议对砂垫层隔震的房屋,应允许房屋相对砂垫层产生一定的位移,并对减震率的定义提出了自己的建议.     

Convergent and divergent responses to emotional displays of ingroup and outgroup.

In the present research, we test the assumption that emotional mimicry and contagion are moderated by group membership. We report two studies using facial electromyography (EMG; Study 1), Facial Action Coding System (FACS; Study 2), and self-reported emotions (Study 2) as dependent measures. As predicted, both studies show that ingroup anger and fear displays were mimicked to a greater extent than outgroup displays of these emotions. The self-report data in Study 2 further showed specific divergent reactions to outgroup anger and fear displays. Outgroup anger evoked fear, and outgroup fear evoked aversion. Interestingly, mimicry increased liking for ingroup models but not for outgroup models. The findings are discussed in terms of the social functions of emotions in group contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Age differences in the likelihood of destructive anger responses under different relationship contexts: A comparison of mainland and Hong Kong Chinese.

This brief report examined how the likelihood of destructive anger responses varied with age across relationship contexts. Seventy-six older adults and 100 younger adults from Hong Kong and Mainland China reported their responses to anger-eliciting scenarios elicited by a kin, a close or a casual friend. Results indicated that compared with their younger counterparts, older Hong Kong Chinese were less likely to report direct aggression toward kin, but older Mainland Chinese were more likely to do so. Older Hong Kong Chinese were less likely to report malevolent and fractious motives than were younger Chinese across all relationships; Older Mainland Chinese were less likely to do so only in friendship. Findings have implications for conceptualizing age-related emotion regulation across relationships and cultures. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)